The Estrela Mountain Dog is a large breed of dog originating from the mountainous region of Serra da Estrela in Portugal. Recognized for its strength, endurance, and protective instinct, this dog has traditionally been used as a guard dog for livestock and properties.
Physically, the Estrela Mountain Dog is imposing and robust. Males typically measure between 65 and 73 cm at the withers, while females measure between 62 and 69 cm. Their weight ranges from 40 to 50 kg for males and from 30 to 40 kg for females. Their body is well-proportioned, with powerful musculature and a solid bone structure. The head is broad and massive, with a slightly tapered muzzle. The eyes are medium-sized, dark amber in color, and express a calm and intelligent expression. The ears are triangular in shape, medium-sized, and naturally fall to the sides of the head.
The coat of the Estrela Mountain Dog can be short or long, but in both cases, it is dense and weather-resistant. The outer coat is thick and slightly rough, while the undercoat is soft and dense, providing excellent insulation. Coat colors vary, including fawn, gray, brindle, and wolf, often with light or dark markings. Regular grooming is necessary to maintain the health and appearance of the coat, especially for the long-haired varieties.
In terms of personality, the Estrela Mountain Dog is known for its loyal, protective, and courageous temperament. It is very attached to its family and shows great vigilance, making it an excellent guard dog. Although it is wary of strangers, it is not aggressive without reason. Its protective nature requires early socialization and training to ensure balanced behavior. With its loved ones, it is affectionate and gentle, but it can be dominant and should therefore be handled by an experienced owner who can establish clear authority.
The Estrela Mountain Dog is an active breed that needs plenty of exercise to stay physically and mentally healthy. It enjoys long walks, hikes, and activities that stimulate its mind and body. Due to its working dog heritage, it excels in activities such as livestock guarding, obedience, and other canine sports. In terms of health, the Estrela Mountain Dog is generally robust, but like all large breeds, it can be prone to certain health issues such as hip and elbow dysplasia, as well as cardiac conditions. A balanced diet, regular veterinary care, and appropriate exercise are essential to maintaining its overall health.
